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baseball
Table of Contents
Introduction
A national pastime
History
Origin
Early years
Professional baseball
League formation
Survival and growth
The postwar period
Movement and expansion
The minor leagues
Labour issues
Rise of the players
Blacks in baseball
Segregation
Integration
Women in baseball
Amateur baseball
Baseball abroad
Baseball in Latin America
Baseball in Asia and the Pacific
European baseball
International competition
Analyzing baseball
The scorecard
Records and statistics
Awards
Fantasy baseball
Play of the game
Field of play and equipment
Grounds
The ball and bat
Gloves
Protective gear
Umpires
Principles of play
Offense
The batting order
Getting on base
Advancing base runners and scoring
Substitutions
Defense
Defensive positions
Outfielders
Infielders
The battery
Outs
The putout
The force play
Pitching
The pitching repertoire
Pitching with men on base
Substitutions
Baseball and the arts
World Series results
Japan Series results
Caribbean Series champions
References & Edit History
Related Topics
Images, Videos & Interactives
For Students
baseball summary
Quizzes
Great Moments in Sports Quiz
Sports Quiz
Batter Up
I Am the Greatest (Athlete)
American Sports Nicknames
Read Next
7 Canceled or Reintroduced Olympic Sports
Why Does “K” Stand for a Strikeout in Baseball?
10 Unusual Sports
10 Greatest Baseball Players of All Time
Who Really Invented Baseball?
Discover
9 of the World’s Deadliest Mammals
9 Mind-Altering Plants
Why Is Alcohol Measured by Proof?
6 Small Kingdoms of the World
Is Australia an Island?
Why We Celebrate MLK Day
Why Do We Say “A Pair of Pants”?
Contents
Home
Sports & Recreation
Baseball
baseball: Media
sport
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Videos
What were the highlights of the 1955 Major League Baseball All-Star Game?
Newsreel footage of highlights of the 1955 Major League Baseball All-Star Game.
Video: Universal Newsreel/Internet Moving Images Archive (at archive.org)
What were the highlights of game 3 in the 1959 World Series?
Learn about the highlights of game 3 in the 1959 World Series by watching this newsreel...
Video: Universal Newsreels/Internet Moving Images Archive (at archive.org)
Explore Cooperstown and its famous National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum
A discussion of Cooperstown, New York, and its famed baseball museum, from the documentary...
Video: Great Museums Television (
A Britannica Publishing Partner
)
Jackie Robinson: The first Black Major League Baseball player
Learn about the life of baseball pioneer Jackie Robinson.
Video: Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Images
2024 World Series MVP
Freddie Freeman, shown here in a 2023 game, was named World Series MVP in 2024 after...
© Meg Oliphant/Getty Images
1946 World Series
Enos Slaughter of the St. Louis Cardinals sliding home to score the winning run in...
UPI/Bettmann Newsphotos
Abner Doubleday
Culver Pictures
Jackie Robinson
Baseball star Jackie Robinson of the Brooklyn Dodgers stealing home as Boston Braves...
AP
Babe Ruth
When he joined the New York Yankees in 1920, Babe Ruth embarked on a home-run hitting...
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. (LC-DIG-ppmsca-39089)
Satchel Paige
Legendary pitcher Satchel Paige, shown here in 1942, is regarded as one of the best...
UPI/Bettmann Archive
An international game
Shohei Ohtani pitching for the Los Angeles Angels, 2022.
David Berding/Getty Images Sport
early baseball game
An early baseball game at the Elysian Fields, Hoboken, New Jersey, 1859; engraving...
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
Charles Comiskey
Charles Comiskey.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. (LC-B2- 2981-8)
Early baseball merchandise
Chicago Cubs and Chicago White Sox cigarette baseball cards from the American Tobacco...
The Newberry Library, Gift of Cleo Paturis, 2007 (
A Britannica Publishing Partner
)
John McGraw
John McGraw, 1910.
The Bettmann Archive
Connie Mack
Connie Mack.
New York Public Library
Kenesaw Mountain Landis
Kenesaw Mountain Landis, c. 1907.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. (Digital File Number: cph 3c21068)
Roy Campanella and Jack Lohrke
Roy Campanella of the Brooklyn Dodgers tagging out Jack Lohrke of the New York Giants,...
AP
Branch Rickey
Branch Rickey.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. (LC-DIG-npcc-19279)
World Baseball Classic championship trophy
The championship trophy of the World Baseball Classic.
© Geoff Livingston
Roger Maris
Roger Maris.
© AP/REX/Shutterstock.com
“Man of steal”
Rickey Henderson holding his record-breaking 939th stolen base, May 1, 1991.
Blaka Sell—Reuters/© Archive Photos
A player with no equal
Grover Cleveland Alexander, 1929.
AP
Barry Bonds
Breaking Hank Aaron's home run record, Barry Bonds of the San Francisco Giants rounding...
Andrew Gombert—EPA/REX/Shutterstock.com
Tom Seaver
Hall of Fame Mets pitcher Tom Seaver, 1983.
© Jerry Coli/Dreamstime.com
There's curve in that ball
Diagram showing how a baseball curves. The spin of the ball creates different levels...
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Early baseball player in uniform.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
Stages in the famous swing of Boston Red Sox outfielder Ted Williams, who played...
AP/Wide World Photo; courtesy of the National Baseball Library
(Top) The pitcher's mound and (bottom) home plate.
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Layout of a representative baseball field.
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
The field of play
A diagram of a typical professional baseball field. The batter stands at home plate,...
© Merriam-Webster Inc.
Interactives
Which city has the most sports titles?
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Explore: The baseball playing field
Three strikes and you're out!
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc./Kenny Chmielewski
VIEW MORE
in these related Britannica articles:
Media for: Baseball Positions and Roles
Media for: history of baseball
Media for: Negro league
Media for: World Series